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Piano Resources
Compiled by U.B.Rasmussen

G6


The C Major scale & all C chords


On this page:


This website...

... explains the basics of scale, chord and harmony building, also information on notes, beat, time signature, meter, etc... and a suggestion for a practise plan has been included - all you need to know to start, or get better at, playing the piano or keyboard. The site has many sound examples included as midi files (file extension .mid). If your browser cannot play midi, you will need a plug-in to hear the examples. "Quicktime" is often used with Explorer and Firefox on Windows, you can download it here. If your operating system is Linux / Ubuntu, I suggest "Timidity", which is not a plug-in, but it plays midi files. (Depending on your browser and operating system, you may have to configure after installation). Test by clicking here to see if you are set up for playing midi files - you should hear a sound if you have loudspeakers on.

Alternatively, you can download the midi files to your computer and play and analyse them with VanBascos midi player. All links and information is here on the download page.

You will also find links to further information, piano lessons, free sheet music, improvisation videos, etc. on this site. You can also download the whole site, and all the notes in pdf format for easy printing or reference. Your comments, ideas and suggestions are welcome and highly appreciated.

- Have fun and learn...


The figures on this page are from Roedy Black's complete keyboard poster, go there to get full information, and to see all chord inversions with root in any of the 12 keys of the octave: C - C#/Db - D - D#/Eb - E - F - F#/Gb - G - G#/Ab - A - A#/Bb - B.

Fig. 1. Keys in the scale of C Major

       This is the C Major scale (Ionian mode). You see the keys, and the corresponding notes in the treble ledger, starting from the "middle C". Underneath are shown the numbers: 1, 2, 3 etc. These numbers are referred to in chord construction in the examples below.

Any Major scale always has the following number of half tones between each played key: 2-2-1-2-2-2-1 (which of course always adds up to 12 because it covers an octave). Knowing this, you can play any of the 12 Major scales correctly.

Play the C Major scale, and see also how to finger a C scale arpeggio, and how to play the C minor and blues scales.

Below are shown all the C chords (root in the key of C), and on the next page you can look up any scale or chord with root in any of the 12 keys of the octave, see the Chord and scales finder.


All chords with root in the key of C :


# of notes type of chord
3 Triad
4 7th, seventh
5 9th, ninth
6 11th, eleventh
7 13th, thirteenth
Fig. 2. Chord types and inversions

This table shows the chord types. Note the names of the chords in the examples below (e.g. Cm9) because often just the name of a chord is given when music is open to improvisation. It is then up to the musician (interpreter) to decide which of the keys in this particular chord to play, and in which inversion. Different inversions are formed when the same keys are played, but starting from different positions, for example CEG, EGC and GCE are the 1st, 2nd and 3rd inversion of the C Major triad.

Fig. 3 to 9.

C (or CM) - Cm - C? (or Cdim) - C+ (or C#5) - Csus2 - Csus4 - C-5 (or Cb5) - C6 - Cm6 - C7 - Cm7 - Cm7b5 - C?7 (or Cdim7) - CM7 - CmM7 - C7/6 - C9 - Cm9 - C-9 (or Cb9) - Cm-9 - C9+ (or C#9) - C9/6 - Cm9/6 - C11 - Cm11 - C11+ - Cm11+ - C13 - Cm13 - C13#11 - Cm13#11

See how to form these chords below, and listen to the sound of the different inversions (1st is shown). Chord variations are listed to the right. You can transform the chords onto any other root key by counting the half tones between each played key and start playing from any other key than C.

The sound gets more "jazzy" as you move from the 7th to the 13th chord below.

Fig. 3.

Play Play Play Play Play Play
Chord variations:
Fig. 4.

Play Play Play Play Play Play
Cb5sus2
Cb5sus4
C6sus2
C6sus4
C6b5
C6#5
Cm6b5
Cm6#5
C7sus2
C7sus4
C7b5
C7#5
Cm7#5
Fig. 5.

Play Play Play Play
CM7sus2
CM7sus4
CM7b5
CM7#5
CmM7b5
CmM7#5
Fig. 6.

Play Play Play Play
C9sus4
C9b5
C9#5
Cm9b5
Cm9#5
Cb9sus4
Cb9b5
Cb9#5
Cmb9b5
Cmb9#5
Fig. 7.

Play Play Play
C#9sus4
C#9b5
C#9#5
Fig. 8.

Play Play Play Play
C11b5
C11#5
C11b9
C11#9
Cm11b5
Cm11#5
Cm11b9
C#11b5
C#11b9
C#11#9
Cm#11b5
Cm#11b9
Fig. 9.

Play Play Play Play
        C13b5
C13#5
C13b9
C13#9
Cm13b5
Cm13#5
Cm13b9
C13#11b5
C13#11b9
C#13#11#9
Cm13#11b5
Cm13#11b9


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